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La dernière actualisation de cette page a été faite le 15/04/2024 Cette page est destinée aux participants de l’étude Audiogenage ainsi qu’à toutes les personnes intéressées et/ou concernées par cette étude. Elle regroupe : […]

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LT Virtual Staining est une demande d’utilisation de données ou d’échantillons collectés auprès des particpants de la cohorte COSIPOP. Quel est l’objectif ? L’objectif est de développer une nouvelle technologie dénommée “coloration virtuelle” pour […]

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This project aims at understanding the dynamical behaviour of drosophila larva. The larva is a ~10000 neurons that exhibit complex behaviour dynamics in response to external stimuli and to possible internal states. This project is […]

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Les bactéries à Gram négatif sont entourées d’une enveloppe composée de deux membranes (les membranes dites externe et interne) séparées par l’espace périplasmique. Cette enveloppe contient des machines macromoléculaires qui assurent et régulent les […]

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Epithelial cell death is widespread during development and tissue homeostasis. While the core pathway of apoptosis is well known, we lack predictive power to understand when and where a specific cell will die in […]

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Bacteria exchange and recombine DNA to accelerate their evolution and adapt to new stress. Their evolvability is illustrated by the rapid emergence of multi resistant bacteria after the introduction of antibiotics. The most powerful […]

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The RepliChroms project aims at decrypting plasmid adaptation mechanisms in their bacterial host. Bacterial genomes are composed of two types of replicons: chromosomes and plasmids. Bacteria commonly have a unique circular chromosome, and current […]

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This project aims to characterize the mircrociruit structure of small animals’ brains and link this to how the brain processes information and encodes behavior. The project relies on simultaneous access to recent synapse-resolution wiring […]

Cassandre is a project of personal database system, integrating a “user-friendly” interface to manage and explore multiple sets of large-scale experimental results in biology. Large-scale experiments that generate quantitative data, such as changes in […]

Adult muscle satellite (stem) cells are quiescent during homeostasis. We showed that Notch signaling is highest in quiescent muscle satellite cells, and this activity drops dramatically before the first cell division after muscle injury […]

Symmetric and asymmetric divisions also play key roles during growth and regeneration. We showed previously that asymmetric template DNA strand cosegregation takes place in a subpopulation of adult muscle stem cells (7). More recently […]

AEGIS is a Marie Skłodowska -Curie Innovative Training Network (ITN) for early stage researchers (ESR) funded by the European Commission under the H2020 Programme the EU framework programme for research and innovation. The principal […]

Understanding the molecular basis of host-pathogen interactions is critical for the discovery of new therapeutic approaches to treat infectious diseases, which in the face of increasing antibiotic resistance and emerging pathogens, is a major […]

Bacterial genomes are mainly composed of two types of replicons: chromosomes and plasmids. Plasmids are accessory mobile genetic elements acquired by horizontal transfer between strains or species. Their domestication by new hosts is of […]

Infectious diseases are a major public health problem, and identification of novel potential therapeutic candidates is mandatory in a context of growing antibiotic resistance. As classical infection biology approaches are nearly exhausted in their […]

Design of Antiviral drugs for Bronchiolitis Virus using a novel therapeutic target.

Protein structure determination is crucial for understanding protein function, as it paves the way to the discovery of new drugs and of new approaches to control pathological biological processes. The recent advances in structural […]

Bacteria display several mechanisms to adapt to their host-environment and successfully colonise it. One important mechanism of adaptation concerns the regulation of gene expression in response to external signals such as the presence of […]

New therapeutic strategies are needed to combat the pandemics and the spread of multidrug resistant form of tuberculosis. This collaborative project between our group and Institut Pasteur of Korea aims to decipher the molecular […]

This project aims to describe the hydrodynamic and thermodynamic properties of the CyaA toxin and the conformational changes it undergoes during its translocation process across the lipid membranes of Bordetella pertussis (secretion) and of […]

About Bip:Bip The project Bip:Bip promotes an integrated use of known and modelled three-dimensional structures of proteins as an aid in complete genome annotation. The architectural organization of biological macromolecules is essential for the […]

Centre for the Analysis of Complex Systems in Complex Environments About CACSICE Cells function through transient interactions of macromolecular complexes. Understanding fully the dynamic processes of life at the molecular level requies understanding the […]

In the human colon, mucus protects the underlying epithelium from pathogens. During infection, pathogens and resident microbiota compete for nutritional metabolites and therefore changes may alter the equilibrium in the colon ecosystem contributing to […]

At the forefront of the rising fields of Chemical and Synthetic Biology, CarbUniVax is a multidisciplinary project sitting at the frontier between Glycosciences and Vaccinology. A multidisciplinary strategy is proposed that challenges ambitious goals […]

Cell-cell signaling mediated by Notch receptors regulates a wide range of developmental processes and perturbations of Notch signaling activity underlie various human developmental and adult-onset diseases, including T-cell leukemia and other cancers. Additionally, Notch […]

Asymmetric Cell Division (ACD) is a simple and conserved mechanism to generate cell diversity during embryogenesis and throughout adult life. In this process, a mother cell divides to generate two daughter cells with distinct […]

Our CC model predicts that MF-GC STP diversity drives a temporal diversity of GC activity that enables temporal learning by PCs.  Population measurements of GC spiking activity are not readily available. We will use […]

Concerted effort to address rational drug design against Chagas disease Through a multidisciplinary approach that combine medicinal chemistry, structural bioinformatics, molecular docking and immunobiology of the infectious process, we identified two new inhibitors of […]

Stem cells are defined by their is their capacity for self-renewal and differentiation. Some adult tissues maintain a reservoir of stem cells, that generally reside within specialized microenvironments, known as stem cell niches, that […]

To characterize histopathological images stained by different colorations, we have developed a system to analyse color images. Images are segmented by a split and merge approach and by color quantization, to reduce color classes. We have also defined a criterion to choose […]

Despite the detailed characterisation of the molecular players of apoptosis, its orchestration and fine regulation in multicellular contexts is not well understood. While apoptosis is often considered as a simple binary process, there are nowadays many evidences showing […]

We are investigating a new global framework for smart acquisition methods in biological imaging whereby it is possible with mathematical tools to recover a high quality image from very fewer samples than the full […]

During the last decades, structural biology allowed to incredibly improve the information on the biological objects, from single biomolecules to molecular assemblies, and to get a better description  of the physics underlying the interactions […]

Computational implications of functional synaptic diversity – a formalized hypothesis. Precise neural representations of “time” are essential for well-timed behaviors [1], but the cellular and circuit mechanisms are largely unknown.  We previously showed that […]

CyaA, a 1706 residue-long protein, is one of the major virulence factors produced by B. pertussis and plays an important role in the early stages of respiratory tract colonization. This toxin uses an original […]

Deep learning methods use artificial neural networks to learn complex mappings between raw numeric input data and higher order semantic outputs. These computational techniques are at the heart of recent advances in artificial intelligence, with breakthrough […]

Contribution of dendritic integration and electrical synapses to circuit computations. Nonlinear summation of synaptic potentials in dendrites is thought to increase computational power of neurons and has been shown to contribute to feature selectivity […]

Embryonic development requires that the behaviour of thousands of cells be finely orchestrated in concert with signalling pathways. While much work has focused on the genetic and transcriptional control of morphogenesis, how cell dynamics […]

A Unique Software Platform for Complex Image Analysis Using Virtual Reality     DIVA (Data Integration and Visualization in Augmented and Virtual Environments)  is a software platform jointly developed by the Decision and Bayesian Computation lab […]

Endocytosis is an essential process used to internalize a wide range of molecules, and involved in many processes such as cell migration, cell division, immunity and pathogen invasion. Several endocytic pathways exist, enabling the […]

Epithelia form sheets of interconnected cells that are polarized along an apical-basal axis and perform selective exchange and barrier functions. Epithelia are dynamic structures that undergo remodeling associated with cell shape changes and neighbor […]

CRISPR-Cas loci are the adaptive immune system of archaea and bacteria. They can capture pieces of invading DNA and use this information to degrade target DNA through the action of RNA-guided nucleases. The consequences […]

Ce projet vise à comprendre les interactions fonctionnelles et mécaniques entre chromosomes, périphérie nucléaire et cytosquelette, ainsi que leur influence sur la stabilité génomique, à travers des approches in vivo et in vitro chez […]

A Bayesian Framework for Cellular Structural Biology Objective : “The functioning of a single cell or organism is governed by the laws of chemistry and physics. The bridge from biology to chemistry and physics […]

Assembling the puzzle of the operating auditory hairbundle The hair bundles of the sensory cells play a central role in the processing of sounds by the cochlea. Various performances of auditory perception depend upon […]

Human Evolutionary Immunogenomics: population genetic variation in immune responses Recent genome-wide association studies have successfully identified rare and common variants that correlate with complex traits. However, they have provided us with little insight into […]

Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation of Stem Cell Fate The objective of this research programme is to identify mouse stem cell properties and understand how they regulate cell fate choice in different contexts by modulating […]

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing and multipotent progenitors generating neurons and glia in the adult vertebrate brain. The success of NSC maintenance and mobilization varies widely among species, brain territories, pathological conditions and […]

One of the major challenges in bacterial infectious disease relates to infections taking place in the bloodstream (septicemia). Despite availability of antibiotics these types of infections lead to extremely severe conditions such as septic […]

Limb defects, which are amongst the most frequent congenital malformations in humans, are the result of deviation in normal developmental program deployment affecting limb specification, initiation or patterning. In most cases the mechanisms underlying […]

DMP of the project : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7074306 A common strategy of bacterial pathogens is active or passive uptake into host cells. There, they can localize within a bacterial containing vacuole (BCV) or access the host […]

How does the brain distinguish between memories that closely resemble each other? The hippocampal dentate gyrus has been suggested to serve this purpose by generating non-overlapping memory representations in a process termed “pattern separation”. […]

The folding of eukaryotic and prokaryotic chromosomes consists of an assortment of intertwined structural features. The resulting complex networks of contacts is highly dynamic and interacts functionally with, or regulates metabolic processes ranging from […]

Despite our deep knowledge of the pathways regulating cell proliferation, growth and survival, we still do not understand how single cells can match their behavior to properties of the entire tissue (including its size and shape).  Mechanical […]

We are interested in understanding how variation in morphogentetic processes we have uncovered in chick and mouse can result in variation in shapes and patterns observed in nature. For example we are interested in […]

Inferences concerning the action of selection provide a powerful tool for predicting regions of the genome associated with disease. As infectious diseases exert strong selection pressures, the identification of immunity-related genes targeted by selection […]

Evolutionary processes largely rely on the production of diversity. Genetic robustness, by allowing the accumulation of neutral diversity within a population, has been associated with increase in evolutionary potential (evolvability). We have already shown […]

For many developmental processes, the list of the required elements (genes/molecules) is known but the resulting dynamics is often poorly understood. Thus, in most developmental patterning processes, the relative importance of external positional cues […]

Type IV pili and pseudopili: structure, dynamics, assembly and molecular function Type IV pili and pseudopili assembled by type 2 secretion systems (T2SS) are thin dynamic fibers that perform diverse functions, from  adherence, motility, […]

All genes that we have identified as associated with deafness, except for the gene encoding pejvakin which is responsible for DFNB59, lead to a primary deficit in the peripheral auditory sensory system. An in-depth […]

The paired/ homeodomain genes Pax3 and Pax7, act primarily in somites to regulate stem/progenitor cells in the body whereas Tbx1 and Pitx2 play critical roles in cranial mesoderm derived muscles in the head. Subsequently, […]

By integrating cutting-edge knowledge and technology in the fields of genomics, population genetics, immunology and bioinformatics, our aim is to establish a thorough understanding of how variable the human immune response is in the […]

To explore the effects of combining mutations and thus, be able to better understand complex functional interactions in a cell, we developed a novel genetic screening method that combines the exhaustivity of the yeast […]

Pr Christine PETIT was the coordinator of this 36 month project which included Pr E. Sylvester Vizi and Dr Tibor Zelles (partners from Institute of experimental medicine, Hungarian Academy of Science, Budapest, Hungary) as […]

During embryonic development, both biochemical and mechanical cues establish the cell differentiation patterns that shape tissues and organs. While the role of signaling molecules has been widely studied, how mechanical forces affect progenitor cell […]

During tissuegenesis, muscle stem cells generate phenotypically and functionally distinct embryonic and foetal myoblasts (1, 2). We used genetically modified mice and constitutively expressed the intracellular domain of Notch1 receptor (NICD) to block the […]

Severe to profound deafness affects one in 700 newborns. This disability also affects an additional one child in 1000 before adulthood, and 2.3% of the general population between 60 and 70. Moreover, 40% of […]

Human and mouse hereditary deafness Severe to profound deafness affects one in 700 newborns. This disability also affects an additional one child in 1000 before adulthood, and 2.3% of the general population between 60 […]

The most important cultural innovation witnessed by modern humans has probably been the transition from a hunter-gatherer nomadic mode of subsistence to an agricultural sedentary lifestyle. This transition occurred in many parts of the […]

Elucidating the mechanisms underlying cell deformation and motility is a topic of major interest in cell biology, for they are strongly involved in cell development, immune responses, cancer and infectious diseases. This projects focuses on the […]

The intestine, and in particular the colon, comprising a mucus blanket, an epithelial monolayer and the lamina propria rich in immune cells, is constantly subjected to shear stress (flow) and peristaltic motion (stretching), both […]

We aim to analyze the impact of substrates on Entamoeba histolytica mode of migration during colonic mucosa invasion using live imaging and quantitative image analysis. E. histolytica, the etiological agent of amoebiasis, is a […]

  A second main line of research of the team is focused on the characterization of protein-protein interactions by exploiting a bacterial two-hybrid screening technology (BACTH) that we have previously developed (Karimova et al., […]

The vast majority of the studies evaluate effects of the above-minimal inhibitory concentration (above-MIC) of antibiotics on bacteria. However, bacteria frequently encounter low concentrations of antibiotics in their environments. Our goal is to elucidate […]

 Inosine-5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is ubiquitously essential for the biosynthesis of guanosine nucleotides and catalyzes the NAD-dependent oxidation of IMP to XMP. IMPDH is a major target in the design of both antitumor and immunosuppresive […]

This project is a part of the international Infect-Era program, AMOEBAC: Entamoeba histolytica-bacterium interaction and the role of this interaction in intestinal pathogenesis (http://www.infect-era.eu/2nd-call-2014) The aim of this investigation is to understand the induced […]

We are studying different aspects of this gene capture system: their distribution, their contribution to the adaptive capacity of their host and their recombination processes. This natural genetic system is composed of two basic […]

Programme Grands investissements d’avenir Sensory disorders significantly impact cognition, education, employment, autonomy and are associated with a heavy socio-economic burden (e.g. the combined cost of visual and auditory impairment is estimated at 600 billion […]

Morphogenesis, that is the acquisition of a shape, is essential for organ function. The heart is an asymmetric organ, in which the left and right sides are fully separated to drive the double blood […]

The LISTERIAGEN project aims to identify host genetic factors associated with susceptibility to listeriosis.

This project aims at understanding the synaptic environment at the single receptor scale. Now that large amounts of dynamical single molecule data are available and that single molecule science is slowly transitioning into a big […]

Growth of the heart is required to adapt to the increasing hemodynamic load of the developing organism. Physiologically, heart growth is mainly driven by the proliferation of myocardial cells in utero and by cell […]

Mechanisms of GPI-anchored protein apical sorting and plasma membrane organization in polarized epithelial cells. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) are membrane proteins with a range of conserved functions (e.g. enzymes, receptors, adhesion molecules, and surface […]

The use of new technological approaches including microfluidics and organ-on-chip strategies has permitted the design of advanced in vitro assays to address a variety of questions including in the study of human infections.  These […]

We are interested in investigating the effects of molecular crowding, i.e., excluded volume effects, mimicking the effects of high concentrations of macromolecular solutes found in biological fluids on biochemical properties of proteins. In particular, […]

Molecular and cellular determinants of functional synaptic  diversity At canonical fast synapses nanoscale alterations in the number, density and location of synaptic vesicles, calcium channels, receptors and fusion proteins play a critical role in […]

We have developed a method to perform the detection and the tracking of microscopic spots directly on four dimensional (3D+t) image data. It extends our previous work by being able to detect with high […]

Non-sense mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a fundamental and conserved mechanism with a major role in shaping the levels of individual RNAs in a eukaryotic cell by efficiently removing RNAs in which a stop […]

The one-dimensional sequence of the genome is carried by long polymers (chromosomes), which fold in the three dimensional volume of the nucleus. How this folding occurs and what it implies for genome function remains […]

Networks provide an efficient formalism to study many complex real-world systems. They provide a natural modeling framework of structural and functional brain networks, protein interaction networks, social interactions, information and epidemic spreading, and infrastructural […]

What’s best to study humans and their infectious deseases than Human emulation system ? It’s now possible at Pasteur to develop real Organs-on-chips with cells from different sources, patient derived or cell line. At […]

Our objective is to generate inner ear organoids that can recapitulate in vitro the initial steps of the cochlear epithelium formation. In particular, we aim at generating these organoids in a micro-environment that allows […]

This third project is to investigate other factors involved in genome plasticity of the complex genome of Vibrio species. The Vibrio group includes a large number of pathogenic species whose hosts range from human […]

Fluorescence microscopy is a defining technology in cellular biology but the diffraction of light limits the resolution of standard microscopes to ~200 nm, thus preventing detailed analyses of molecular structures. We are actively interested […]

Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) are involved in most biological process and diseases. With a recently estimated number of 370,000 PPIs in humans, they constitute a large ‘reservoir’ for therapeutic development compared to ‘conventional’ drug targets. […]

Prion-like proteins spreading in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs): role of Tunneling Nanotubes (TNTs) NDs are protein conformational disorders linked to the propagation of protein misfolding in the brain in a prion-like manner. A seminal discovery […]

Pathogenic protozoans of the trypanosomatid group still remain a major world health problem. Cycling between insect vectors and mammalian hosts, Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, while over 20 Leishmania species […]

Mechanical forces trigger many cellular functions and change the geometry and physical properties of a tissue. Very few studies look at the biomechanisms of invasion of microbes at tissue level. – In this project […]

  From an applied perspective, we have shown in collaboration with the team of C. Leclerc, (Immune Regulation and Vaccinology, Institut Pasteur) that CyaA can be engineered to serve as a potent non-replicating vector […]

We use a number of genetically modified mice to interrogate specific functions of stem/progenitor cells during the establishment of muscle and its reconstitution after injury. These include mutants for Myf5, Pax7, Myod, Tbx1, RBPJk, […]

  Other research projects are aimed at exploring the regulatory role of different nucleotides such ppGpp and pppGpp that are both thought to act as second messengers in many complex cellular responses to nutritional […]

The enlightenment of the deafness: an holistic approach of Usher syndrome Recherche Hospitalo-Universitaire en Santé Professor Christine Petit (Institut Pasteur, Collège de France, Inserm, UPMC) and Dr. Aziz El-Amraoui (Institut Pasteur, Inserm, UPMC) coordinate the […]

Role of TNTs in tumor networking, heterogeneity, and resistance to therapy. In cancers such as glioblastoma (GMB) and neuroblastoma (NB), intra-tumoral heterogeneity plays a major role in tumor proliferation, trans-differentiation and invasion, as well […]

Mutations in the gene encoding Vlgr1 (Very large G-coupled Receptor protein 1) areresponsible for Usher Syndrome type 2C (USH2C). This autosomal recessive syndrome is characterized by congenital, moderate to severe hearing impairment and a […]

Artificial Intelligence theory is intrinsically linked to our understanding of how a brain computes. Indeed, artificial neural networks, that have shown their capabilities in addressing a large class of classification and prediction problems, mimic […]

To understand protein functions and molecular network organisation, it is important to determine the localisation of proteins at subcellular level. The in cellulo probing of molecular assemblies is usually performed with microscopy techniques which […]

under construction

  The CyaA toxin is a 1706 residues-long bifunctional protein (Figure 1): the calmodulin-activated, catalytic domain is located in the 400 amino-proximal residues, whereas the carboxy-terminal 1306 residues are responsible for the binding of […]

CRISPR loci and the associated Cas genes are the adaptive immune system of archeae and bacteria. They have the ability to capture pieces of DNA from viruses and other invading genetic elements [1], and […]

Acyl-CoAs are the major metabolic carriers of carbon in living organisms. The most conserved ways to their synthesis include the oxidative decarboxylation of α-ketoacids carried out by three distinct enzymatic machineries: the pyruvate dehydrogenase […]

We have installed a stimulation emission depletion (STED) microscope in order to assess the diversity of the nanoscale organization of synaptic molecules thought to underly synaptic strength and dynamics. Figure 1. Confocal and STED […]

Synaptic representation of multisensory information The GC layer of the CC is thought to pre-process incoming mossy fiber (MF) activity so that PCs can more easily distinguish distinct patterns associated specific sensory contexts. The […]

Protein secretion in bacteria is highly specific. Substrates secreted via the Type II secretion nanomachines are fully folded prior to secretion and are specifically recognized in their native state. In some cases, they even […]

New TARGETs for osteoporosis: from mesenchymal stem cells to the regulation of osteogenesis and BONE mass.

The wide range of phenotypic variation in human populations may reflect distinctive processes of selection/adaptation to variable environmental conditions (e.g. climate, pathogens, nutritional resources). The advent of genome-wide datasets allows testing different hypotheses concerning […]

The TherapUsher project funded by Retina-France is aimed at creating appropriate animal models for the USH1 retinal dystrophy. The Usher syndrome (USH) is the most prevalent cause of inherited deaf-blindness in humans. Three clinical […]

Vertebrate adult neural stem cells (NSCs) are generally quiescent, and the frequency of their cell cycle re-entry (“activation”) conditions their lifespan. Little is known of the molecular pathways controlling the NSC quiescence/activation balance. We […]

Unraveling the structure/function of TNTs in vitro and in vivo. While TNTs may be involved in cell-to-cell communication in many physiological processes as well as diseases, their physiological relevance is unclear as their existence […]

The Innovative Training Network ViBrANT (Viral and Bacterial Adhesin Network Training) brings together world-leading European scientists to train 15 graduate students (early stage researchers) in interdisciplinary research into viral and bacterial adhesins. ViBrANT is […]