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© Institut Pasteur
Spirochète : bactérie hélicoïdale, flexible et ondulante de longueur variable, non colorable par la coloration de Gram, très mobile (endoflagelles). Trois familles : Spirochaetaceae, Leptospiraceae, et Brachyspiraceae. Principaux genres pathogènes pour l'homme : Borrelia (Borrelia burgdorferi cause de la maladie de Lyme), Treponema (Treponema pallidum cause de la syphillis), Leptospira (Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae cause de la maladie de Weil). Image colorisée.

About

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease found predominantly in impoverished populations inhabiting developing countries with tropical climates. Rodents are the main reservoir of the disease, excreting the bacteria in their urine. Humans are usually infected through contaminated water. Leptospirosis is estimated to cause more than one million severe cases with approximately 60,000 deaths per year. It is an emerging disease due to the growing number of inhabitants residing in urban slums and the increased frequency of extreme climatic events.

cycleen2.jpg

Fig. Cycle of leptospirosis (from Faine et al. 1999). Mammalian species excrete leptospiral pathogens in their urine and serve as reservoirs for their transmission. Leptospirosis is transmitted to humans by direct contact with reservoir animals or, more frequently, by exposure to environmental surface water or soil that is contaminated with their urine.

Antibiotic therapy is beneficial but must be administered in the early stage of the disease. However, leptospirosis is often diagnosed late, due to its wide spectrum of symptoms, ranging from a flu-like syndrome to renal failure. The symptoms mimic the clinical presentations of many other diseases, including dengue fever and malaria. In addition, most cases of leptospirosis are currently detected by means of a complex and fastidious serological test, but antibodies are generally not detectable in the blood until about one week after the onset of symptoms. Human vaccines are available in some countries, but usually consist of killed bacteria of the most prevalent serovar. They present a number of disadvantages, including side effects, short duration of efficacy and incomplete protection against other serovars. Leptospirosis also affects animals worldwide, including livestock, and is therefore of economic importance.

spir

As a spirochete, Leptospira spp. which includes the causative agent of leptospirosis, differ considerably from other members of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. For example, Leptospira spp. can be distinguished from other bacteria on the basis of their unique helical shape (see picture). The motility of spirochetes is unique in that they can swim in highly viscous gel-like media that classically slow down or stop the motility of other flagellated bacteria (see videomicroscopy below). This motility in spirochetes is conferred by flagella inserted at both poles of the cells and extended within the periplasm (endoflagella) between the outer and inner membranes. Progress in our understanding of the general biology and virulence mechanisms of pathogenic Leptospira has been slow and difficult. This is mainly due to the lack of adequate and efficient genetic tools. Progress in our understanding of the general biology and virulence mechanisms of pathogenic Leptospira has been slow and difficult. This is mainly due to the lack of adequate and efficient genetic tools.

 Fig. videomicroscopy of Leptospira biflexa

The research unit also hosts the French National Reference Center for leptospirosis and a WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Reference on Leptospirosis.  In mainland France, about 700 cases are diagnosed each year and the incidence rate can be more than one hundred times higher in french oversea territories than in mainland France.

more informations on the National Reference Center for Leptospirosis : https://research.pasteur.fr/fr/nrc/leptospirosis/

Former Members

2000
2000
Name
Position
2022
2023
Vallier SORDOILLET
Ingénieur
2022
2023
Killian COULLIN
Master 2
2023
2023
Elena RETANA LOPEZ
Master 1
2023
2023
Grégoire DAVIGNON
PhD Institut Pasteur NOUMEA
2020
2023
Lenka FULE
Master 2 + THESE
2022
2022
Killian COULLIN
Master 1
2022
2022
Amandine HOUVERT
Technicienne (projet FIEBRE)
2022
2022
Roman THIBEAULT
Ingénieur de recherche IP NOUMEA
2022
2022
Juan Andres IMELIO VIERA
Phd Student
2020
2021
Camille ZANIOLO
Master 2 en alternance
2021
2021
Marc DUONG
Master 1
2021
2021
Eloise TOMBOLAN
2ème année IUT
2018
2021
Elise RICHARD
PhD Student
2020
2020
Ambrine MOUSSI
BTS 2ème année
Neil KEARNEY
Master 2 / Ingénieur alternance
Lisa FOURNIOL
Technician
Robert Anthony GAULTNEY
POST DOC
Carla TOUS MAYOL
Licence 3
Linda GRILLOVA
Post doc
Aurelien FAUCONNIER
Master 2
2015
2020
Sylviane Etiemble
Administrative Staff
2015
2020
Raleb Taher
PhD Student
2015
2020
Azad Eshghi
Post-doc
2015
2020
Sylvie Bremont
Technician
2015
2020
Christopher Pappas
Post-doc
2015
2020
Camila HAMOND REGUA MOTA
Post-doc
2015
2020
Ambroise LAMBERT
Post-doc
2015
2020
Helena PETROSOVA
Post-doc
2015
2020
Gabriela Pretre
Post-doc
2015
2020
Annie Landier
Technician
2015
2020
Elsio Wunder
Post-doc
2015
2020
Paula Ristow
Permanent Researcher
2015
2020
Lucas Villasboas de Oliveira
Permanent Researcher
2015
2020
Leyla Slamti
Permanent Researcher
2015
2020
Emilande Guichet
Post-doc
2015
2020
Kristel Lourdault
Post-doc
2015
2020
Florence Aviat
Post-doc
2015
2020
Perrine Hugon
Post-doc
2015
2020
Damien Piel
Undergraduate Student
2015
2020
Eva Meunier
Undergraduate Student
2015
2020
Marc Antoine Ducrocq
Undergraduate Student
2015
2020
Niry RABENINDRINA
Research Engineer
2015
2020
Luis Guilherme Virgilio Fernandes
PhD Student
2015
2020
Celia Fontana
Post-doc
2015
2020
Guillaume REY
Technician
2015
2020
Ruben Halifa
Graduate Student
2015
2020
Geoffroy Liegeon
Graduate Student
2015
2020
Juan Andres IMELIO VIERA
PhD Student
2015
2020
Sebastien LE HUU NGHIA
Graduate Student
2015
2020
Eve Bernet
Undergraduate Student
2015
2020
Inderpreet SINGH
Technician
2015
2020
Nathalie Armatys
Technician
2015
2020
Samuel Garcia
Graduate Student
2015
2020
Olivier Schiettekatte
PhD Student
2015
2020
Sara Chehboub
Technician
2015
2020
Alexandre Giraud–Gatineau
PhD Student
2015
2020
Clemence Mouville
Undergraduate Student
2015
2020
GIRALT ZUNIGA Maria José
Graduate Student
2015
2020
Kouadio KOFFI
Visiting Scientist
2015
2020
José Crispin ZAVALA ALVARADO
PhD Student
2015
2020
Remy Milazzo
Technician
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Pictures & Media

videomicroscopy of Leptospira spp. : Movie S3

 

Conference of the Scientific Council (Institut Pasteur) of Mathieu Picardeau (youtube) : https://youtu.be/35oJqFD6v5o

Contact

Phone: 33 1 45 68 83 37 Email: spiroc@pasteur.fr Address 28 Rue du Docteur Roux 75015, Paris France