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  • team
  • department
  • center
  • program_project
  • nrc
  • whocc
  • project
  • software
  • tool
  • patent
  • Administrative Staff
  • Assistant Professor
  • Associate Professor
  • Clinical Research Assistant
  • Clinical Research Nurse
  • Clinician Researcher
  • Department Manager
  • Dual-education Student
  • Full Professor
  • Honorary Professor
  • Lab assistant
  • Master Student
  • Non-permanent Researcher
  • Nursing Staff
  • Permanent Researcher
  • Pharmacist
  • PhD Student
  • Physician
  • Post-doc
  • Prize
  • Project Manager
  • Research Associate
  • Research Engineer
  • Retired scientist
  • Technician
  • Undergraduate Student
  • Veterinary
  • Visiting Scientist
  • Deputy Director of Center
  • Deputy Director of Department
  • Deputy Director of National Reference Center
  • Deputy Head of Facility
  • Director of Center
  • Director of Department
  • Director of Institute
  • Director of National Reference Center
  • Group Leader
  • Head of Facility
  • Head of Operations
  • Head of Structure
  • Honorary President of the Departement
  • Labex Coordinator
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Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique
Starting Date
01
Mar 2018
Status
Ongoing
Members
1
Structures
2
Publications
6

About

Phylogeography is a field of study concerned with the principles and processes governing the geographic distributions of genealogical lineages, especially those within or among closely related species. [Avise et al. Ann Rev Ecol Syst 1987]

Analyses of epidemic spread through space and time are often performed by defining a finite, non-ordered set of locations (e.g. countries) and using ancestral character reconstruction (ACR) [more details] along a phylogenetic tree with the defined locations as possible character states, based on the known tip locations. ACR aims to unravel how the character has changed on the tree from the root to the tips through time, by assigning the most likely ancestral character state(s) to each internal node.

Using our recently developed ancestral scenario reconstruction tool PastML [Ishikawa et al. MBE 2019, pastml.pasteur.fr], we study the phylogeography of various pathogens. In [Ishikawa et al. MBE 2019] we analysed the phylogeography of DENV2 epidemics and checked the robustness of ACR results regarding state sampling variations. In [Zhukova et al. 2020] we  performed an analysis of temporal and phylogeographic spread of all the four Dengue virus serotypes and compared the strengths and potential pitfalls of the two frequently-used approaches: maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference, highlighting state-of-the-art efforts to perform such computations more efficiently. 

We collaborate with PANGEA consortium [Pillay et al. Lancet Infect Dis 2015, pangea-hiv.org] to study the phylogeography of HIV-1 in Africa. We also analysed the geographic spread of HIV-1 epidemics in Cuba in collaboration with  the team of Dr Vivian Kourí Cardellá from IPK (Habana) [more details], both on the Cuban province level and on the world-wide one, to study the geographic origin of CRF19 introduction to Cuba [Zhukova et al. PLoS Pathog  2021]. In collaboration with the INSIGHT START study group, we performed a world-wide phylogeographic study of common HIV-1 subtypes [Bennedbæk et al. Virus Evol 2021].

In the beginning of the Sars-CoV-2 epidemic we performed a global phylogeographic study of Sars-CoV-2 outbreak [ Zhukova et al. CRAS 2020]. In collaboration with the Enteric Bacterial Pathogens team we analysed the spatio-temporal spread of the Cholera epidemic [Oprea et al. Nat Commun 2021]. In collaboration with Epidemiology of Emerging Diseases Team and colleagues form Institut Pasteur Ho Chi Minh City we analysed the introduction(s) of ZIKA to Vietnam [Grant et al. Lancet Reg Health West Pac 2021].

We are currently working on development of new methods for phylogeographic reconstruction and visualisation, allowing to perform reconstruction with a different level of detail in different parts of the tree, to incorporate spatial predictors [Lemey et al. PLOS Path 2014] in the maximum likelihood context, to formally compare phylogeographic predictions obtained with different tools and/or on slightly different phylogenies, and to reconstruct consensus scenarios.

References