[C3BI Seminar]- Amine Ghozlane: The human gut resistome | Research - Institut Pasteur

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Control and consequences of the physical properties of cells / Seminar by Liam Holt

Virology Department : PhD Thesis Defense “Structural and functional studies on human syncytins -Insights into the molecular mechanisms of placental cell-cell fusion” with Catharina Ruigrok

Scientific Fields

Diseases

Organisms

Applications

Technique

Date

04

Apr 2019

Time

14:00:00

25 Rue du Dr Roux, Paris, France

Address

Building: Francois Jacob

Location

2019-04-04 14:00:00 2019-04-04 15:00:00 Europe/Paris [C3BI Seminar]- Amine Ghozlane: The human gut resistome The intestinal microbiota is considered to be a major reservoir of antibiotic resistance determinants (ARDs) that could potentially be transferred to bacterial pathogens via mobile genetic elements. Yet, this assumption is poorly supported by […] 25 Rue du Dr Roux, Paris, France Olaya Rendueles-Garcia olaya.rendueles-garcia@pasteur.fr

Speakers

(Institut Pasteur, Paris)

About

The intestinal microbiota is considered to be a major reservoir of antibiotic resistance determinants (ARDs) that could potentially be transferred to bacterial pathogens via mobile genetic elements. Yet, this assumption is poorly supported by empirical evidence due to the distant homologies between known ARDs (mostly from culturable bacteria) and ARDs from the intestinal microbiota. Consequently, an accurate census of intestinal ARDs (that is, the intestinal resistome) has not yet been fully determined. For this purpose, we developed and validated an annotation method (called pairwise comparative modelling) on the basis of a three-dimensional structure (homology comparative modelling), leading to the prediction of 6,095 ARDs in a catalogue of 3.9 million proteins from the human intestinal microbiota. We found that the majority of predicted ARDs (pdARDs) were distantly related to known ARDs (mean amino acid identity 29.8%) and found little evidence supporting their transfer between species. According to the composition of their resistome, we were able to cluster subjects from the MetaHIT cohort (n = 663) into six resistotypes that were connected to the previously described enterotypes. Finally, we found that the relative abundance of pdARDs was positively associated with gene richness, but not when subjects were exposed to antibiotics. Altogether, our results indicate that the majority of intestinal microbiota ARDs can be considered intrinsic to the dominant commensal microbiota and that these genes are rarely shared with bacterial pathogens.

Location

Building: Francois Jacob
Address: 25 Rue du Dr Roux, Paris, France

Published on: 04 Feb 2019

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