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About

The team Neural Coding and Neuroengineering of Human Speech Functions (Dir. Anne-Lise GIRAUD) is interested in understanding the computations that enable our brain to perceive and produce speech from a fundamental perspective in order to design targeted therapies for neurodevelopmental and acquired speech disorders.

MAIN RESEARCH AXES

Repair of cortical auditory dysfunctions. In this project, we are targeting two language disorders that involve dysfunctions in the auditory cortex: dyslexia and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In both cases, we have identified dramatic changes in the oscillatory activity of the auditory cortex, which may underlie some of these disorders. Our aim is to design a possible therapeutic intervention, including brain stimulation or neurofeedback.

Genetic bases of auditory neural oscillatory processes. Here we propose to contribute to the establishment of a neurogenetic model that could explain the development of a machine as complex as the human communication system, and its peripheral and central disorders.

Decoding inner speech using auditory representations. This research project is aimed to develop a brain-machine interface to restore oral communication in patients with severe speech production disorders, by decoding speech directly from neural signals.

Oscillatory plasticity and speech acquisition: implications for deafness and stuttering. This project investigates the neural oscillatory principles underlying the concomitant learning of speech perception and production in young children. By targeting the establishment of sensorimotor interactions during development, our goal is to identify specific therapeutic periods for speech and language disorders.

Projects

Project
Ongoing
6 Members

Auditory rhythmic training for children with dyslexia

Anne-Lise Giraud (PI)

Can reading performance of dyslexic readers be improved with auditory rhythmic training?  A key ingredient for reading is the mapping of graphemes (letters) to phonemes (sounds). Thus, correct representation of speech sounds is critical […]
Project
Ongoing
2 Members

SpeakLIS

Anne-Lise Giraud (PI)

Decoding inner speech using auditory representations Project SpeakLIS   Language and being able to communicate is an integral part of being human. The importance of communication is perhaps most evident when it is hampered […]
Project
Ongoing
3 Members

Hear me Talk, and Learn

Sophie Bouton (PI)

Characterizing the development of neural mechanisms underlying the co-learning of speech perception and production Learning to speak, from simple babbling to the pronunciation of complex sentences, requires learning to combine articulatory movements with abstract […]
Project
Ongoing
3 Members

Prospective cohort study of young children with autism spectrum disorder

Anne-Lise Giraud (PI)

The study of neural oscillations using high-resolution electroencephalography (HR-EEG) has uncovered irregularities in the auditory processing of language in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We intend to investigate the potential use of EEG […]

Fundings

Publications (selection)

Books

Giraud AL. “Le cerveau et les maux de la parole” 2018. Odile Jacob Eds. Paris, France.

Articles in a peer-reviewed journal

Wang X, Delgado-Saa J, Marchesotti S, Sperdin HF, Schaer M, Giraud AL. 2021 Auditory oscillation coupling selectively predicts speech reception in young children with autism. BioRxiv, https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.27.461214v2, submitted to PNAS.

Proix T, Delgado Saa J, Christen A, Martin S, Pasley BN, Knight RT, Tian X, Poeppel D, Doyle W, Devinsly O, Arnal L, Mégevand P, Giraud AL 2021. Imagined speech can (also) be decoded from low- and cross-frequency features. Nature Commun., in press.

Marchesotti S, Nicolle J, Merlet I, Arnal LH, Donoghue JP, Giraud AL. 2020. Selective enhancement of low-gamma activity by tACS improves phonemic processing and reading accuracy in dyslexia. PLoS Biology e3000833

Bouton S, Delgado Saa J, Olasagasti I, Giraud AL. 2020. Audio-visual combination of syllables involves time-sensitive dynamics following from fusion failure. Sci Rep. 2020 10(1):18009. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-75201-7.

Hovspepyan S, Olasagasti I, Giraud AL. 2020. Combining predictive coding with neural oscillations optimizes on-line speech recognition. Nat Commun. 11(1):3117. doi: 10.1038/s41467- 020-16956-5.

Giraud AL, Arnal LH. 2018. Hierarchical predictive is channeled by asymmetric oscillatory activity. Neuron, 100(5):1022-1024. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.11.020.

Bouton S, Tyran R, Seeck M, van de Ville D., Chambon V, Giraud AL. 2018. Focal versus distributed temporal cortex activity for speech sound category assignment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018. pii: 201714279. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1714279115.

Kell CA, Neumann K, Behrens M, von Gudenberg AW, Giraud AL. 2017. Speaking-related changes in cortical functional connectivity associated with assisted and spontaneous recovery from developmental stuttering. J. Fluency Disorders: S0094-730X(16)30094-8.

Lazard DS, Giraud AL. 2017. Brain reorganization associated with fast processing of written-words in acquired deafness shapes cochlear implant outcome. Nature Communications, 8:14872.

Jochaut D, Lehongre K, Saitovitch A, Devauchelle AD, Olasagasti I, Zilbovocius M, Giraud AL. 2015. Atypical coordination of cortical oscillations in response to speech in autism. Frontiers in Human Neurosciences, 9:171.

Bouton S, Colé P, Serniclaes W, Duncan L, Giraud AL. 2015. Atypical phonological processing impairs word recognition in children with cochlear implants. Language Cognition and Neuroscience.

Olasagati I, Bouton S, Giraud AL. 2015. Prediction across sensory modalities: a model of the McGurk effect. Cortex, 68:61-75.

Lazard, D. S., Lee, H. J., Truy, E., & Giraud, AL. 2013. Bilateral reorganization of posterior temporal cortices in post-lingual deafness and its relation to cochlear implant outcome. Human brain mapping 34 (5): 1208-19.

Lehongre K., Giraud AL., Villermet N., Ramus F. 2013. Impaired auditory sampling in dyslexia: Further evidence from combined fMRI and EEG. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7: 454.

Giraud AL, Poeppel D. 2012. Cortical oscillations and speech processing: emerging computational principles, Nature neuroscience, E-pub, doi: 10.1038/nn.3063.

Lehongre, K., Ramus, F., Villiermet, N., Schwartz, D., & Giraud, AL. 2011. Altered low-gamma sampling in auditory cortex accounts for the three main facets of dyslexia. Neuron, 72(6): 1080-1090.

Lazard, D. S., Giraud, AL., Truy, E., & Lee, H. J. 2011. Evolution of non-speech sound memory in postlingual deafness: implications for cochlear implant rehabilitation. Neuropsychologia, 49(9): 2475-2482.

Lazard, D. S., Lee, H. J., Gaebler, M., Kell, C. A., Truy, E., & Giraud, AL. 2010. Phonological processing in post-lingual deafness and cochlear implant outcome. NeuroImage, 49(4): 3443-3451.

Lee, H. J., Truy, E., Mamou, G., Sappey-Marinier, D., & Giraud, AL. 2007 Visual speech circuits in profound acquired deafness: a possible role for latent multimodal connectivity. Brain, 130(Pt 11): 2929-2941.

Lee, H. J., Giraud, AL., Kang, E., Oh, S. H., Kang, H., Kim, C. S., & Lee, D. S. 2007. Cortical activity at rest predicts cochlear implantation outcome. Cerebral cortex, 17(4): 909-917.

Giraud, AL., Kleinschmidt, A., Poeppel, D., Lund, T. E., Frackowiak, R. S., & Laufs, H. 2007. Endogenous cortical rhythms determine cerebral specialization for speech perception and production. Neuron, 56(6): 1127-1134.

Neumann, K., Preibisch, C., Euler, H. A., von Gudenberg, A. W., Lanfermann, H., Gall, V., & Giraud, AL. 2005. Cortical plasticity associated with stuttering therapy. Journal of fluency disorders, 30(1): 23-39.

Preibisch, C., Neumann, K., Raab, P., Euler, H. A., von Gudenberg, A. W., Lanfermann, H., & Giraud, AL. 2003. Evidence for compensation for stuttering by the right frontal operculum. NeuroImage, 20(2): 1356-1364.

Neumann, K., Euler, H. A., von Gudenberg, A. W., Giraud, AL., Lanfermann, H., Gall, V., & Preibisch, C. 2003. The nature and treatment of stuttering as revealed by fMRI A within- and between-group comparison. Journal of fluency disorders, 28(4): 381-409.

Giraud, AL., & Truy, E. 2002. The contribution of visual areas to speech comprehension: a PET study in cochlear implants patients and normal-hearing subjects. Neuropsychologia, 40(9): 1562-1569.

Giraud, AL., Price, C. J., Graham, J. M., Truy, E., & Frackowiak, R. S. 2001. Cross-modal plasticity underpins language recovery after cochlear implantation. Neuron, 30(3): 657-663.

Giraud, AL., Price, C. J., Graham, J. M., & Frackowiak, R. S. 2001. Functional plasticity of language-related brain areas after cochlear implantation. Brain, 124(Pt 7): 1307-1316.

Giraud, AL Truy, E., Frackowiak, R. S., Gregoire, M. C., Pujol, J. F., & Collet, L. 2000. Differential recruitment of the speech processing system in healthy subjects and rehabilitated cochlear implant patients. Brain, 123 ( Pt 7): 1391-1402.

 

News

The Brain Rhythms and Cortical Computation workshop (BRhyCoCo) was hosted at The Institut de l’Audition on April 24th and 25th of this year. Seventy-seven researchers from the United States, United Kingdom, European Union and China traveled to Paris to discuss the roles that neural oscillations may play in cognitive function, particularly speech and auditory processing. The workshop, the first iteration since the Coronavirus Health Crisis, occurred over two days, including 17 presentations from esteemed researchers in the field, two debates, and one keynote presentation from Dr. Julio Hechevarria on the role of oscillations in Bat vocal communications.

The event, organized by Anne-lise Giraud, Sophie Bouton, and Keith Doelling, was also interspersed with ample opportunity for discussion amongst the audience, as well as poster sessions during lunch to showcase the ongoing work of 24 PhD and Masters’ Students and foster new collaborations between attendees.

BRhyCoCo has a 15-year history centered on the discussion of ideas that motivate research on neural oscillations in cognition. Its focus lies on taking stock of past research while setting goals and ideas that inspire future work. Presentations are given equal time for lecture and questions to allow for discussion to clearly develop. The topics covered include methods for coding information in oscillations, the role of oscillations in attention, and in particular, how oscillatory dynamics fit into larger frameworks of cognition, including Bayesian perception, Predictive coding and Computational Neurolinguistics. In addition, a session was dedicated to the role of oscillatory function in child development and neural disorders such as autism and dyslexia. The workshop made clear how oscillations can be used in a wide array of cognitive functions, particularly serving communication while also inspiring attendees to develop novel theoretical classifications for each oscillatory function and its role in cognition.