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© Christine Schmitt, Sophie Goyard, Jean-Marc Panaud
Trypanosoma cruzi - trypomastigote form. Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of Chagas disease.
Publication : Microorganisms

Retrospective Analysis of Leishmaniasis in Sicily (Italy) from 2013 to 2021: One-Health Impact and Future Control Strategies.

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Microorganisms - 24 Aug 2022

Bruno F, Vitale F, La Russa F, Reale S, Späth GF, Oliveri E, Gargano V, Valenza V, Facciponte F, Giardina S, Marino G, Galante A, Castelli G,

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 36144305

Link to DOI – 170410.3390/microorganisms10091704

Microorganisms 2022 Aug; 10(9):

Leishmaniasis is an important vector-borne disease that represents a serious public health problem, including in Sicily (Italy), which is considered an endemic area. We collected canine, feline and human data from 2013 to 2021 in Sicily, while entomological surveys were conducted only in 2013 and 2021. Overall, 23,794/74,349 (34.4%) of dogs and 274/4774 (11.8%) of cats were positive in one or more diagnostic tests. A total of 467 cases of human Leishmaniasis were reported, with 71% showing cutaneous and 29% visceral involvement. The provinces with the largest number of patients were Agrigento (45.4%) and Palermo (37%). In 2013, Phlebotomus perfiliewi was the dominant sandfly species in Sicily (68.7%), followed by Phlebotomus perniciosus (17.2%) and Sergentomya minuta (14%). In 2021, Phlebotomusperfiliewi was confirmed as the most common species (61.6%), followed by Phlebotomusperniciosus (33.1%) and Sergentomyaminuta (4.7%). Of particular interest was the identification of Phlebotomus papatasi (0.41%) in Agrigento. Our retrospective study can inform health authorities for the development of appropriate screening, treatment and control strategies to reduce Leishmania incidence rate. This study examined the present state of Leishmaniasis control, surveillance, and prevention in Sicily, but also highlighted deficiencies that could be addressed through the application of One-Health principles.