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© Bruno Dupuy, Claire Morvan, Institut Pasteur
Cellules végétative et spores de Clostridioides difficile / Vegative cells and spores of Clostridioides difficile
Publication : Journal of Archaeological Science

Mycobasterium leprae genotype amplified from an archeological case of lepromatous leprosy in Central Asia.

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Journal of Archaeological Science - 06 Jan 2009

Taylor GM, Blau S, Mays S, Monot M, Lee OYC, Minnikin DE, Besra GS, Cole ST, Rutland P

J Arch Science 2009; 36:2408-2414

We have amplified Mycobacterium leprae DNA from the skeleton of an adult human female exhibiting signs of lepromatous leprosy (LL). The remains were excavated from the site of Devkesken 6 on the Ustyurt plateau of Uzbekistan and date to between the 1st and 4th centuries AD. Recovered DNA was fragmented but of sufficient quality and quantity to allow a series of biomolecular genotyping methods to be applied. These methods included variable nucleotide tandem repeat (VNTR) typing of two micro- satellite and one minisatellite regions and also single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing for nine informative loci.

Genotyping showed that the causative strain of M. leprae exhibited a SNP-type 3 profile, characteristic of cases associated geographically with Europe and North Africa. Further SNP sub-typing was performed and the data obtained from the Uzbek leper was compared with the same loci amplified from a case of LL recovered from Blackfriars, Ipswich, UK dating to between the 13th and 16th centuries AD. Unique group 3 subtypes were found in both the Uzbek case and Ipswich 1914. These appear to be ancestral to recent type 3 strains. Mycolic acid analysis confirmed the presence of M. leprae in the Uzbek samples. Phylo- genetically informative SNPs and other polymorphic loci will contribute to the study of human migra- tions, as well as the origin and spread of leprosy.