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© Therese Couderc, Marc Lecuit
Publication : BMC infectious diseases

Mycobacterium genavense as a cause of subacute pneumonia in patients with severe cellular immunodeficiency.

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in BMC infectious diseases - 05 Nov 2011

Rammaert B, Couderc LJ, Rivaud E, Honderlick P, Zucman D, Mamzer MF, Cahen P, Bille E, Lecuit M, Lortholary O, Catherinot E,

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 22054169

Link to DOI – 10.1186/1471-2334-11-311

BMC Infect Dis 2011 Nov; 11(): 311

Mycobacterium genavense is a rare nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Human infections are mostly disseminated in the setting of the AIDS epidemic or the use of aggressive immunosuppressive treatments. M. genavense culture is fastidious, requiring supplemented media. Pulmonary involvement rarely occurs as a primary localization.We report here two patients with pneumonia as the predominant manifestation of M. genavense infection: one kidney transplanted patient and one HIV-infected patient. Both patients were initially treated with anti-tuberculous drugs before the identification of M. genavense on sputum or broncho-alveolar lavage fluid culture. A four-drug regimen including clarithromycin and rifabutin was started. Gamma interferon has been helpful in addition to antimycobacterial treatment for one patient.Clinicians should be aware that M. genavense could be the etiologic agent of sub-acute pneumonia mimicking tuberculosis in patients with cellular immunodeficiency status.