Recurrent Mycobacterium avium infection after seven years of latency in a HIV-infected patient receiving efficient antiretroviral therapy.

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 22230736

Link to DOI – 10.1016/j.jinf.2011.12.020

J Infect 2012 Jun; 64(6): 613-7

We report the first case of Mycobacterium avium reactivation, after prolonged latency, in a HIV-infected patient receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy with undetectable viral replication and normal CD4 cell count. The patient presented with a painful swollen shoulder seven years after initial M. avium bacteriaemia. Articular puncture grew M. avium. The isolates of the first and second infection were identical using repetitive-sequence-based Polymerase Chain Reaction analyses.