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  • Veterinary
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  • Director of Center
  • Director of Department
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© Research
Publication : Emerging infectious diseases

Measuring Basic Reproduction Number to Assess Effects of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions on Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 Transmission.

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Emerging infectious diseases - 01 Jul 2022

Shirreff G, Zahar JR, Cauchemez S, Temime L, Opatowski L

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 35580960

Link to DOI – 10.3201/eid2807.212339

Emerg Infect Dis 2022 Jul; 28(7): 1345-1354

Outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 infection frequently occur in hospitals. Preventing nosocomial infection requires insight into hospital transmission. However, estimates of the basic reproduction number (R0) in care facilities are lacking. Analyzing a closely monitored SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in a hospital in early 2020, we estimated the patient-to-patient transmission rate and R0. We developed a model for SARS-CoV-2 nosocomial transmission that accounts for stochastic effects and undetected infections and fit it to patient test results. The model formalizes changes in testing capacity over time, and accounts for evolving PCR sensitivity at different stages of infection. R0 estimates varied considerably across wards, ranging from 3 to 15 in different wards. During the outbreak, the hospital introduced a contact precautions policy. Our results strongly support a reduction in the hospital-level R0 after this policy was implemented, from 8.7 to 1.3, corresponding to a policy efficacy of 85% and demonstrating the effectiveness of nonpharmaceutical interventions.