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© Laure Mancini
Neural stem cells of the zebrafish adult telencephalon visualized by confocal microscopy
Publication : Comptes rendus biologies

Generating neurons in the embryonic and adult brain: compared principles and mechanisms.

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Comptes rendus biologies - 13 Nov 2024

Chouly M, Bally-Cuif L

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 39535540

Link to DOI – 10.5802/crbiol.167

C R Biol 2024 Nov; 347(): 199-221

Neurogenesis is a lifelong process, generating neurons in the right amount, time and place and with the correct identity to permit the growth, function, plasticity and repair of the nervous system, notably the brain. Neurogenesis originates from neural progenitor cells (NPs), endowed with the capacity to divide, renew to maintain the progenitor population, or commit to engage in the neurogenesis process. In the adult brain, these progenitors are classically called neural stem cells (NSCs). We review here the commonalities and differences between NPs and NSCs, in their cellular and molecular attributes but also in their potential, regulators and lineage, in the embryonic and adult brains. Our comparison is based on the two most studied model systems, namely the telencephalon of the zebrafish and mouse. We also discuss how the population of embryonic NPs gives rise to adult NSCs, and outstanding questions pertaining to this transition.La neurogenèse est un processus continu qui génère des neurones en quantité, en temps et en lieu voulus et avec l’identité correcte pour permettre la croissance, la fonction, la plasticité et la réparation du système nerveux, notamment du cerveau. La neurogenèse a pour origine des progéniteurs neuraux (PN), dotés de la capacité de se diviser, de se renouveler pour maintenir la population progénitrice, ou de s’engager dans le processus de neurogenèse. Dans le cerveau adulte, ces progéniteurs sont classiquement appelés cellules souches neurales (CSN). Nous examinons ici les points communs et les différences entre les PN et les CSN, dans leurs attributs cellulaires et moléculaires, mais aussi dans leur potentiel, leurs régulateurs et leur lignage, dans les cerveaux embryonnaires et adultes. Notre comparaison est basée sur les deux systèmes modèles les plus étudiés, à savoir le télencéphale du poisson-zèbre et de la souris. Nous discutons également de la façon dont la population de PN embryonnaires donne naissance aux CSN adultes, et des questions qui restent en suspens concernant cette transition.