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© Research
Publication : Annual review of immunology

Cell Biology of T Cell Receptor Expression and Regulation.

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Annual review of immunology - 26 Apr 2018

Alcover A, Alarcón B, Di Bartolo V,

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 29261409

Link to DOI – 10.1146/annurev-immunol-042617-053429

Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2018 04; 36(): 103-125

T cell receptors (TCRs) are protein complexes formed by six different polypeptides. In most T cells, TCRs are composed of αβ subunits displaying immunoglobulin-like variable domains that recognize peptide antigens associated with major histocompatibility complex molecules expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells. TCRαβ subunits are associated with the CD3 complex formed by the γ, δ, ε, and ζ subunits, which are invariable and ensure signal transduction. Here, we review how the expression and function of TCR complexes are orchestrated by several fine-tuned cellular processes that encompass (a) synthesis of the subunits and their correct assembly and expression at the plasma membrane as a single functional complex, (b) TCR membrane localization and dynamics at the plasma membrane and in endosomal compartments, (c) TCR signal transduction leading to T cell activation, and (d) TCR degradation. These processes balance each other to ensure efficient T cell responses to a variety of antigenic stimuli while preventing autoimmunity.