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© Valérie Choumet
Mosquitoes were orally infected with the chikungunya virus. Midguts were dissected at day 5 post-infection, fixed and permeabilised. Virus is shown in red (anti-E2 protein, cyanine 3), the actin network in green (phalloidin 548) and nuclei in blue (DAPI).
Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Current Opinion in Microbiology - 01 Jun 2012

Christian Mitri, Kenneth D Vernick

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 22538050

Link to HAL – pasteur-02008330

Link to DOI – 10.1016/j.mib.2012.04.001

Current Opinion in Microbiology, 2012, 15 (3), pp.285--291. ⟨10.1016/j.mib.2012.04.001⟩

Mosquitoes are the major arthropod vectors of human diseases such as malaria and viral encephalitis. However, each mosquito species does not transmit every pathogen, owing to reasons that include specific evolutionary histories, mosquito immune system structure, and ecology. Even a competent vector species for a pathogen displays a wide range of variation between individuals for pathogen susceptibility, and therefore efficiency of disease transmission. Understanding the molecular and genetic mechanisms that determine heterogeneities in transmission efficiency within a vector species could help elaborate new vector control strategies. This review discusses mechanisms of host-defense in Anopheles gambiae, and sources of genetic and ecological variation in the operation of these protective factors. Comparison is made between functional studies using Plasmodium or fungus, and we call attention to the limitations of generalizing gene phenotypes from experiments done in a single genetically simple colony.