The molecular anatomy of the human body | Research - Institut Pasteur

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Soutenance d’Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches – Simon LE HELLO « Populations émergentes d’enterobactéries multi-résistantes aux antibiotiques : détections et investigations »

“Structural and Functional Studies of Bacterial Pentameric Ligand-gated Ion Channels”

Scientific Fields

Diseases

Organisms

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Technique

Date

11

Jan 2018

Time

14:00:00

28 Rue du Docteur Roux, Paris, France

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Building: Centre François Jacob

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2018-01-11 14:00:00 2018-01-11 15:00:00 Europe/Paris The molecular anatomy of the human body The relationship between the transcriptomes of tissues and the transcriptomes of the constituent primary cells, and how these impact tissue phenotypes has not been well established. Here we have produced RNA sequencing data for […] 28 Rue du Docteur Roux, Paris, France Maxime Rotival maxime.rotival@pasteur.fr

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(Computational Biology of RNA Processing Center for Genomics Regulation, Barcelone)

About

The relationship between the transcriptomes of tissues and the transcriptomes of the constituent primary cells, and how these impact tissue phenotypes has not been well established. Here we have produced RNA sequencing data for a number of primary cells from multiple human body locations. The analysis of this data, together with additional epigenetic data also produced by the ENCODE project for a total of 146 primary cells, indicate that most cells in the human body belong to five major cell types: epithelial, endothelial, mesenchymal, neural and blood cells. These redefine, based on gene expression, the basic histological types in which tissues are usually classified. We identified genes specific to these cell types, including a core set of transcription factors (TFs). Cell type specific genes, particularly when lying in open chromatin domains, are enriched for motifs for these cell type specific TFs, suggesting that they are potential candidates to drive cell type specificity. We estimated the relative proportion in tissues of the different cell types based on the transcriptional profiles obtained from bulk tissue sections from the GTEx project. This inferred cellular composition is a characteristic signature of tissues and reflects tissue histology. We identified changes in tissue composition associated with age and sex, and we found that departures from the normal cellular composition are a characteristic of different cancer types and correlate with histological phenotypes associated to diseases

Location

Building: Centre François Jacob
Address: 28 Rue du Docteur Roux, Paris, France

Published on: 30 Nov 2017

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