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© Research
Publication : Current opinion in cell biology

Tunneling nanotubes: Reshaping connectivity.

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Current opinion in cell biology - 01 Aug 2021

Zurzolo C,

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 33866130

Link to DOI – S0955-0674(21)00037-510.1016/j.ceb.2021.03.003

Curr Opin Cell Biol 2021 08; 71(): 139-147

Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), open membranous channels between connected cells, represent a novel direct way of communication between distant cells for the diffusion of various cellular material, including survival or death signals, genetic material, organelles, and pathogens. Their discovery prompted us to review our understanding of many physiological and pathological processes involving cellular communication but also allowed us to discover new mechanisms of communication at a distance. While this has enriched the field, it has also generated some confusion, as different TNT-like protrusions have been described, and it is not clear whether they have the same structure-function. Most studies have been based on low-resolution imaging methods, and one of the major problems is the inconsistency in demonstrating the capacity of these various connections to transfer material between cells belonging to different populations. This brief review examines the fundamental properties of TNTs. In adult tissues, TNTs are stimulated by different diseases, stresses, and inflammatory signals. ‘Moreover’, based on the similarity of the processes of development of synaptic spines and TNT formation, we argue that TNTs in the brain predate synaptic transmission, being instrumental in the orchestration of the immature neuronal circuit.