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© Research
Publication : L'Encephale

Repurposing chlorpromazine to treat COVID-19: The reCoVery study.

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in L'Encephale - 01 Jun 2020

Plaze M, Attali D, Petit AC, Blatzer M, Simon-Loriere E, Vinckier F, Cachia A, Chrétien F, Gaillard R

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 32425222

Link to DOI – 10.1016/j.encep.2020.05.006

Encephale 2020 Jun; 46(3): 169-172

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has caused approximately 2,350,000 infections worldwide and killed more than 160,000 individuals. In Sainte-Anne Hospital (GHU PARIS Psychiatrie & Neuroscience, Paris, France) we have observed a lower incidence of symptomatic forms of COVID-19 among patients than among our clinical staff. This observation led us to hypothesize that psychotropic drugs could have a prophylactic action against SARS-CoV-2 and protect patients from the symptomatic and virulent forms of this infection, since several of these psychotropic drugs have documented antiviral properties. Chlorpromazine (CPZ), a phenothiazine derivative, is also known for its antiviral activity via the inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Recentin vitro studies have reported that CPZ exhibits anti-MERS-CoV and anti-SARS-CoV-1 activity.In this context, the ReCoVery study aims to repurpose CPZ, a molecule with an excellent tolerance profile and a very high biodistribution in the saliva, lungs and brain. We hypothesize that CPZ could reduce the unfavorable course of COVID-19 infection among patients requiring respiratory support without the need for ICU care, and that it could also reduce the contagiousness of SARS-CoV-2. For this purpose, we plan a pilot, multicenter, randomized, single blind, controlled, phase III therapeutic trial (standard treatment vs. CPZ+standard treatment).This repurposing of CPZ for its anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity could offer an alternative, rapid strategy to alleviate infection severity. This repurposing strategy also avoids numerous developmental and experimental steps, and could save precious time to rapidly establish an anti-COVID-19 therapy with well-known, limited and easily managed side effects.La pandémie mondiale actuelle de COVID-19 a touché environ 2 350 000 personnes et fait plus de 160 000 morts. Nous avons observé dans le GHU PARIS Psychiatrie & Neurosciences (site Sainte-Anne, Paris, France) une incidence moins importante de formes symptomatiques de COVID-19 chez les patients que dans notre personnel soignant. Notre hypothèse est que les traitements psychotropes pourraient avoir une action prophylactique sur le SARS-CoV-2. Cette hypothèse est cohérente avec les propriétés antivirales connues de plusieurs psychotropes au premier rang desquels la chlorpromazine (CPZ). En plus de ses effets antipsychotiques classiques, plusieurs études in vitro ont également démontré une activité antivirale de cette phénothiazine via l’inhibition de l’endocytose dépendante des clathrines. Récemment, des études ont révélé un effet anti-MERS-CoV et anti-SARS-CoV-1 de la CPZ.Dans ce contexte, l’étude reCoVery, basée sur le repositionnement de la CPZ – molécule avec un excellent profil de tolérance et une biodistribution très élevée dans la salive, les poumons et le cerveau – vise à tester l’hypothèse que la CPZ pourrait diminuer l’évolution défavorable de l’infection COVID-19 chez des patients oxygénorequérants sans nécessité de soins en réanimation mais aussi réduire la contagiosité du SARS-CoV-2. Nous allons réaliser pour cela un essai thérapeutique pilote de phase III multicentrique, randomisé, contrôlé (traitement standard vs CPZ + traitement standard) et en simple insu.Le repositionnement de la CPZ comme antiviral anti-SARS-CoV-2 offre une stratégie alternative et rapide pour atténuer la propagation du virus ainsi que la gravité et la létalité du COVID-19.