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© Institut Pasteur
Culture de myotubes murins infectés par le virus de la rage fixe, observée en immunoflorescence indirecte.
Publication : Journal of virology

Modulation of HLA-G expression in human neural cells after neurotropic viral infections

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Journal of virology - 01 Dec 2005

Lafon M, Prehaud C, Megret F, Lafage M, Mouillot G, Roa M, Moreau P, Rouas-Freiss N, Carosella ED

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 16306594

J. Virol. 2005 Dec;79(24):15226-37

HLA-G is a nonclassical human major histocompatibility complex class I molecule. It may promote tolerance, leading to acceptance of the semiallogeneic fetus and tumor immune escape. We show here that two viruses-herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), a neuronotropic virus inducing acute infection and neuron latency; and rabies virus (RABV), a neuronotropic virus triggering acute neuron infection-upregulate the neuronal expression of several HLA-G isoforms, including HLA-G1 and HLA-G5, the two main biologically active isoforms. RABV induces mostly HLA-G1, and HSV-1 induces mostly HLA-G3 and HLA-G5. HLA-G expression is upregulated in infected cells and neighboring uninfected cells. Soluble mediators, such as beta interferon (IFN-beta) and IFN-gamma, upregulate HLA-G expression in uninfected cells. The membrane-bound HLA-G1 isoform was detected on the surface of cultured RABV-infected neurons but not on the surface of HSV-1-infected cells. Thus, neuronotropic viruses that escape the host immune response totally (RABV) or partially (HSV-1) regulate HLA-G expression on human neuronal cells differentially. HLA-G may therefore be involved in the escape of certain viruses from the immune response in the nervous system.