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© Research
Publication : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

High-density lipoprotein receptor SCARB1 is required for carotenoid coloration in birds.

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America - 16 May 2017

Toomey MB, Lopes RJ, Araújo PM, Johnson JD, Gazda MA, Afonso S, Mota PG, Koch RE, Hill GE, Corbo JC, Carneiro M,

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 28465440

Link to DOI – 10.1073/pnas.1700751114

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017 May; 114(20): 5219-5224

Yellow, orange, and red coloration is a fundamental aspect of avian diversity and serves as an important signal in mate choice and aggressive interactions. This coloration is often produced through the deposition of diet-derived carotenoid pigments, yet the mechanisms of carotenoid uptake and transport are not well-understood. The white recessive breed of the common canary (Serinus canaria), which carries an autosomal recessive mutation that renders its plumage pure white, provides a unique opportunity to investigate mechanisms of carotenoid coloration. We carried out detailed genomic and biochemical analyses comparing the white recessive with yellow and red breeds of canaries. Biochemical analysis revealed that carotenoids are absent or at very low concentrations in feathers and several tissues of white recessive canaries, consistent with a genetic defect in carotenoid uptake. Using a combination of genetic mapping approaches, we show that the white recessive allele is due to a splice donor site mutation in the scavenger receptor B1 (SCARB1; also known as SR-B1) gene. This mutation results in abnormal splicing, with the most abundant transcript lacking exon 4. Through functional assays, we further demonstrate that wild-type SCARB1 promotes cellular uptake of carotenoids but that this function is lost in the predominant mutant isoform in white recessive canaries. Our results indicate that SCARB1 is an essential mediator of the expression of carotenoid-based coloration in birds, and suggest a potential link between visual displays and lipid metabolism.