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© Charles DAUGUET, Institut Pasteur
HIV particles
Publication : Science immunology

CD4 T cell-mediated HLA class II cross-restriction in HIV controllers

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Science immunology - 08 Jun 2018

Galperin M, Farenc C, Mukhopadhyay M, Jayasinghe D, Decroos A, Benati D, Tan LL, Ciacchi L, Reid HH, Rossjohn J, Chakrabarti LA, Gras S

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 29884618

Sci Immunol 2018 06;3(24)

Rare individuals, termed HIV controllers, spontaneously control HIV infection by mounting efficient T cell responses against the virus. Protective CD4 T cell responses from HIV controllers involve high-affinity public T cell receptors (TCRs) recognizing an immunodominant capsid epitope (Gag293) presented by a remarkably broad array of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II molecules. Here, we determine the structures of a prototypical public TCR bound to HLA-DR1, HLA-DR11, and HLA-DR15 molecules presenting the Gag293 epitope. TCR recognition was driven by contacts with the Gag293 epitope, a feature that underpinned the extensive HLA cross-restriction. These high-affinity TCRs promoted mature immunological synapse formation and cytotoxic capacity in both CD4 and CD8 T cells. The public TCRs suppressed HIV replication in multiple genetic backgrounds ex vivo, emphasizing the functional advantage conferred by broad HLA class II cross-restriction.