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© Research
Publication : The EMBO journal

Cohesins and condensins orchestrate the 4D dynamics of yeast chromosomes during the cell cycle

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in The EMBO journal - 20 Jul 2017

Lazar-Stefanita L, Scolari VF, Mercy G, Muller H, Guérin TM, Thierry A, Mozziconacci J, Koszul R

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 28729434

EMBO J. 2017 09;36(18):2684-2697

Duplication and segregation of chromosomes involves dynamic reorganization of their internal structure by conserved architectural proteins, including the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes cohesin and condensin. Despite active investigation of the roles of these factors, a genome-wide view of dynamic chromosome architecture at both small and large scale during cell division is still missing. Here, we report the first comprehensive 4D analysis of the higher-order organization of the genome throughout the cell cycle and investigate the roles of SMC complexes in controlling structural transitions. During replication, cohesion establishment promotes numerous long-range intra-chromosomal contacts and correlates with the individualization of chromosomes, which culminates at metaphase. In anaphase, mitotic chromosomes are abruptly reorganized depending on mechanical forces exerted by the mitotic spindle. Formation of a condensin-dependent loop bridging the centromere cluster with the rDNA loci suggests that condensin-mediated forces may also directly facilitate segregation. This work therefore comprehensively recapitulates cell cycle-dependent chromosome dynamics in a unicellular eukaryote, but also unveils new features of chromosome structural reorganization during highly conserved stages of cell division.