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© Research
Publication : Science advances

A spatial code for temporal information is necessary for efficient sensory learning.

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Science advances - 10 Jan 2025

Bagur S, Bourg J, Kempf A, Tarpin T, Bergaoui K, Guo Y, Ceballo S, Schwenkgrub J, Verdier A, Puel JL, Bourien J, Bathellier B

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 39772691

Link to DOI – 10.1126/sciadv.adr6214

Sci Adv 2025 Jan; 11(2): eadr6214

The temporal structure of sensory inputs contains essential information for their interpretation. Sensory cortex represents these temporal cues through two codes: the temporal sequences of neuronal activity and the spatial patterns of neuronal firing rate. However, it is unknown which of these coexisting codes causally drives sensory decisions. To separate their contributions, we generated in the mouse auditory cortex optogenetically driven activity patterns differing exclusively along their temporal or spatial dimensions. Mice could rapidly learn to behaviorally discriminate spatial but not temporal patterns. Moreover, large-scale neuronal recordings across the auditory system revealed that the auditory cortex is the first region in which spatial patterns efficiently represent temporal cues on the timescale of several hundred milliseconds. This feature is shared by the deep layers of neural networks categorizing time-varying sounds. Therefore, the emergence of a spatial code for temporal sensory cues is a necessary condition to efficiently associate temporally structured stimuli with decisions.