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© Research
Publication : The Journal of infectious diseases

Different Regions of Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte-Binding Antigen 175 Induce Antibody Responses to Infection of Varied Efficacy

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in The Journal of infectious diseases - 28 Mar 2016

Chiu CY, White MT, Healer J, Thompson JK, Siba PM, Mueller I, Cowman AF, Hansen DS

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 27020092

J. Infect. Dis. 2016 07;214(1):96-104

BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence suggests that antibodies against merozoite proteins involved in Plasmodium falciparum invasion into the red blood cell play an important role in clinical immunity to malaria. Erythrocyte-binding antigen 175 (EBA-175) is the best-characterized P. falciparum invasion ligand, reported to recognize glycophorin A on the surface of erythrocytes. Its protein structure comprises 6 extracellular regions. Whereas region II contains Duffy binding-like domains involved in the binding to glycophorin A, the functional role of regions III-V is less clear.

METHODS: We developed a novel cytometric bead array for assessment of antigen-specific antibody concentration in plasma to evaluate the efficacy of immune responses to different regions of EBA-175 and associations between antibody levels with protection from symptomatic malaria in a treatment-reinfection cohort study.

RESULTS: We found that while antibodies to region II are highly abundant, circulating levels as low as 5-10 µg/mL of antibodies specific for region III or the highly conserved regions IV-V predict strong protection from clinical malaria.

CONCLUSIONS: These results lend support for the development of conserved regions of EBA-175 as components in a combination of a malaria vaccine.