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© Research
Publication : Clinical and experimental immunology

Lymphocytes are a major source of circulating soluble dipeptidyl peptidase 4

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Clinical and experimental immunology - 24 Sep 2018

Casrouge A, Sauer AV, Barreira da Silva R, Tejera-Alhambra M, Sánchez-Ramón S, ICAReB , Cancrini C, Ingersoll MA, Aiuti A, Albert ML

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 30251416

Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2018 Nov;194(2):166-179

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4, CD26) is a serine protease that is expressed constitutively by many haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic tissues. It exists as a membrane-associated protein, as well as in an active, soluble form (herein called sDPP4), present at high concentrations in bodily fluids. Despite the proposed use of sDPP4 as a biomarker for multiple diseases, its cellular sources are not well defined. Here, we report that individuals with congenital lymphocyte immunodeficiency had markedly lower serum concentrations of sDPP4, which were restored upon successful treatment and restoration of lymphocyte haematopoiesis. Using irradiated lymphopenic mice and wild-type to Dpp4 reciprocal bone marrow chimeric animals, we found that haematopoietic cells were a major source of circulating sDPP4. Furthermore, activation of human and mouse T lymphocytes resulted in increased sDPP4, providing a mechanistic link between immune system activation and sDPP4 concentration. Finally, we observed that acute viral infection induced a transient increase in sDPP4, which correlated with the expansion of antigen-specific CD8 T cell responses. Our study demonstrates that sDPP4 concentrations are determined by the frequency and activation state of lymphocyte populations. Insights from these studies will support the use of sDPP4 concentration as a biomarker for inflammatory and infectious diseases.