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© Charles Dauguet
Virus VIH-2, second virus du sida isolé en 1985 par l'équipe du Pr. Montagnier de l'Institut Pasteur.
Publication : Nature medicine

In-depth virological and immunological characterization of HIV-1 cure after CCR5Δ32/Δ32 allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Nature medicine - 20 Feb 2023

Jensen BO, Knops E, Cords L, Lübke N, Salgado M, Busman-Sahay K, Estes JD, Huyveneers LEP, Perdomo-Celis F, Wittner M, Gálvez C, Mummert C, Passaes C, Eberhard JM, Münk C, Hauber I, Hauber J, Heger E, De Clercq J, Vandekerckhove L, Bergmann S, Dunay GA, Klein F, Häussinger D, Fischer JC, Nachtkamp K, Timm J, Kaiser R, Harrer T, Luedde T, Nijhuis M, Sáez-Cirión A, Schulze Zur Wiesch J, Wensing AMJ, Martinez-Picado J, Kobbe G,

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 36807684

Link to DOI – 10.1038/s41591-023-02213-x

Nat Med 2023 Feb; ():

Despite scientific evidence originating from two patients published to date that CCR5Δ32/Δ32 hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can cure human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the knowledge of immunological and virological correlates of cure is limited. Here we characterize a case of long-term HIV-1 remission of a 53-year-old male who was carefully monitored for more than 9 years after allogeneic CCR5Δ32/Δ32 HSCT performed for acute myeloid leukemia. Despite sporadic traces of HIV-1 DNA detected by droplet digital PCR and in situ hybridization assays in peripheral T cell subsets and tissue-derived samples, repeated ex vivo quantitative and in vivo outgrowth assays in humanized mice did not reveal replication-competent virus. Low levels of immune activation and waning HIV-1-specific humoral and cellular immune responses indicated a lack of ongoing antigen production. Four years after analytical treatment interruption, the absence of a viral rebound and the lack of immunological correlates of HIV-1 antigen persistence are strong evidence for HIV-1 cure after CCR5Δ32/Δ32 HSCT.