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© Research
Publication : Blood

How many dendritic cells are required to initiate a T-cell response?

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Blood - 20 Sep 2012

Celli S, Day M, Müller AJ, Molina-Paris C, Lythe G, Bousso P

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 22995897

Blood 2012 Nov;120(19):3945-8

T-cell activation in lymph nodes relies on encounters with antigen (Ag)-bearing dendritic cells (DCs) but the number of DCs required to initiate an immune response is unknown. Here we have used a combination of flow cytometry, 2-photon imaging, and computational modeling to quantify the probability of T cell-DC encounters. We calculated that the chance for a T cell residing 24 hours in a murine popliteal lymph nodes to interact with a DC was 8%, 58%, and 99% in the presence of 10, 100, and 1000 Ag-bearing DCs, respectively. Our results reveal the existence of a threshold in DC numbers below which T-cell responses fail to be elicited for probabilistic reasons. In mice and probably humans, we estimate that a minimum of 85 DCs are required to initiate a T-cell response when starting from precursor frequency of 10(-6). Our results have implications for the rational design of DC-based vaccines.