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© Bruno Dupuy, Claire Morvan, Institut Pasteur
Cellules végétative et spores de Clostridioides difficile / Vegative cells and spores of Clostridioides difficile
Publication : Infection and immunity

Expression of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B and their sigma factor TcdD is controlled by temperature

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Infection and immunity - 01 Apr 2003

Karlsson S, Dupuy B, Mukherjee K, Norin E, Burman LG, Akerlund T

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 12654792

Infect. Immun. 2003 Apr;71(4):1784-93

Growth temperature was found to control the expression of toxins A and B in Clostridium difficile VPI 10463, with a maximum at 37 degrees C and low levels at 22 and 42 degrees C in both peptone yeast (PY) and defined media. The up-regulation of toxin A and B mRNA and protein levels upon temperature upshift from 22 to 37 degrees C followed the same kinetics, showing that temperature control occurred at the level of transcription. Experiments with Clostridium perfringens using gusA as a reporter gene demonstrated that both toxin gene promoters were temperature controlled and that their high activity at 37 degrees C was dependent on the alternative sigma factor TcdD. Furthermore, tcdD was found to be autoinduced at 37 degrees C. Glucose down-regulated all these responses in the C. perfringens constructs, similar to its impact on toxin production in C. difficile PY broth cultures. C. difficile proteins induced at 37 degrees C and thus coregulated with the toxins by temperature were demonstrated by two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and identified as enzymes involved in butyric acid production and as electron carriers in oxidation-reduction reactions. The regulation of toxin production in C. difficile by temperature is a novel finding apparently reflecting an adaptation of the expression of its virulence to mammalian hosts.