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© Institut Pasteur
Phlébotome. Petit diptère de la famille des psychodidés (dans l'Ancien Monde). La femelle hématophage peut être vectrice entre autres de leishmaniose qu'elle transmet par piqûre à un vertébré, chien (hôte principal réservoir), homme ou encore rat (hôtes occasionnels).
Publication : PLoS pathogens

Defective viral genomes from chikungunya virus are broad-spectrum antivirals and prevent virus dissemination in mosquitoes.

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in PLoS pathogens - 01 Feb 2021

Levi LI, Rezelj VV, Henrion-Lacritick A, Erazo D, Boussier J, Vallet T, Bernhauerová V, Suzuki Y, Carrau L, Weger-Lucarelli J, Saleh MC, Vignuzzi M,

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 33556143

Link to DOI – 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009110

PLoS Pathog 2021 Feb; 17(2): e1009110

Defective viral genomes (DVGs) are truncated and/or rearranged viral genomes produced during virus replication. Described in many RNA virus families, some of them have interfering activity on their parental virus and/or strong immunostimulatory potential, and are being considered in antiviral approaches. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus transmitted by Aedes spp. that infected millions of humans in the last 15 years. Here, we describe the DVGs arising during CHIKV infection in vitro in mammalian and mosquito cells, and in vivo in experimentally infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. We combined experimental and computational approaches to select DVG candidates most likely to have inhibitory activity and showed that, indeed, they strongly interfere with CHIKV replication both in mammalian and mosquito cells. We further demonstrated that some DVGs present broad-spectrum activity, inhibiting several CHIKV strains and other alphaviruses. Finally, we showed that pre-treating Aedes aegypti with DVGs prevented viral dissemination in vivo.