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© Mart Krupovic, Junfeng Liu
Scanning electron micrograph of Saccharolobus islandicus cells (light blue) infected with the lemon-shaped virus STSV2 (yellow). Artistic rendering by Ala Krupovic.
Publication : Nucleic acids research

A novel family of tyrosine integrases encoded by the temperate pleolipovirus SNJ2

Scientific Fields
Diseases
Organisms
Applications
Technique

Published in Nucleic acids research - 18 Jan 2018

Wang J, Liu Y, Liu Y, Du K, Xu S, Wang Y, Krupovic M, Chen X

Link to Pubmed [PMID] – 29361162

Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Mar;46(5):2521-2536

Genomes of halophilic archaea typically contain multiple loci of integrated mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Despite the abundance of these elements, however, mechanisms underlying their site-specific integration and excision have not been investigated. Here, we identified and characterized a novel recombination system encoded by the temperate pleolipovirus SNJ2, which infects haloarchaeon Natrinema sp. J7-1. SNJ2 genome is inserted into the tRNAMet gene and flanked by 14 bp direct repeats corresponding to attachment core sites. We showed that SNJ2 encodes an integrase (IntSNJ2) that excises the proviral genome from its host cell chromosome, but requires two small accessory proteins, Orf2 and Orf3, for integration. These proteins were co-transcribed with IntSNJ2 to form an operon. Homology searches showed that IntSNJ2-type integrases are widespread in haloarchaeal genomes and are associated with various integrated MGEs. Importantly, we confirmed that SNJ2-like recombination systems are encoded by haloarchaea from three different genera and are critical for integration and excision. Finally, phylogenetic analysis suggested that IntSNJ2-type recombinases belong to a novel family of archaeal integrases distinct from previously characterized recombinases, including those from the archaeal SSV- and pNOB8-type families.